"The end-use clauses, the high bureaucratic hurdles and the access into supply planning are basically nothing but industrial espionage,"
"The new rules can be seen as a direct attack on the rearmament of the West,"
"There is no panic in the industry,"
Rare earths are essential in civilian and military technologies, including smartphones, electric cars, fighter jets, submarines, hardened ammunition, armored vehicles, propulsion systems and sensors. More than 400 kilos of rare earths are used in one F-35 stealth bomber. Most rare earths processed in Germany originate from China. China tightened export rules amid a tariff dispute, threatened to stop exports needed for military purposes, and now requires export applicants to submit detailed, sometimes confidential, end-use information. Such end-use clauses and supply planning access are regarded as industrial espionage by some and criticized as an attack on Western rearmament. German defense firms have increased production and are taking precautions.
Read at www.dw.com
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