"Micro-OLED displays with 1080p (1920x1080) resolution have been around for a few years now, but a group of German researchers has taken things to the next level. They've engineered an OLED pixel so small that an entire 1080p display could fit into a single square millimeter, potentially changing the game for wearable displays. We're talking about an OLED tiny enough that the wavelength of the light it emits is larger than the pixel producing it."
"Miniaturization, Pflaum explained to the university, leaves nanometer-sized pixels with uneven electric fields that concentrate at the corners of the gold antenna forming the OLED's base - the same structure the Würzburg team was working with. "As with a lightning rod, simply reducing the size of the established OLED concept would cause the currents to emit mainly from the corners of the antenna," Pflaum said in the university's release."
A 300×300 nanometer OLED pixel produces orange light despite being smaller than the emitted wavelength, enabling extreme display miniaturization such as a 1080p panel within one square millimeter. Nanometer-scale pixels develop uneven electric fields concentrated at the corners of a gold cuboid antenna (300×300×50 nm), causing gold atoms to become mobile and form filaments that short-circuit pixels. Insulating the gold nanoelectrode with a ring of hydrogen silsesquioxane applied via electron-beam lithography prevents filament growth and stabilizes the nanopixel. This approach achieves drastic pixel miniaturization without invoking new physical laws, opening paths for dense wearable displays.
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