Express.js 6 and Beyond: Modernizing the Most Popular Node.js Framework
Briefly

Express.js 6 and Beyond: Modernizing the Most Popular Node.js Framework
"Our goal was to evolve Express from a single-maintainer project into a sustainable, community-driven effort - one built on shared responsibility, clear processes, and long-term vision,"
"Express performs a significant amount of monkey patching on Node's core modules - particularly the HTTP library - to enable its middleware chaining model,"
Express transitioned from a single-maintainer project to a Technical Committee model to distribute responsibility and define clearer processes. Funding from the Sovereign Tech Fund enabled targeted work on security, technical debt, and performance. The widespread use of Express 4.x maintains compatibility with very old Node.js versions, leaving legacy internals and extensive monkey-patching of Node core modules, especially the HTTP library. Maintainers plan to modernize internals to leverage contemporary JavaScript and Node APIs, reduce harmful monkey-patching, and boost performance while preserving Express's simple middleware model. NodeSource is collaborating to accelerate refactoring, security hardening, and benchmarking.
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