Peñico, an ancient city discovered near Caral-Supe, thrived from 1800BC to 1500BC, sharing temporal ties with other ancient cultures. The site illustrates the sophistication of pre-Columbian societies, which possessed advanced agricultural, architectural, ecological, astronomical, and mathematical knowledge. The strategic positioning of Peñico at 600 meters above sea level facilitated trade between coastal and highland communities. Flourishing after Caral's decline, Peñico leveraged existing economic and social networks, enriching its prestige and revealing complex dynamics of interaction among pre-Incan civilizations.
Peñico flourished between 1800BC and 1500BC, concurrent with the Shang Dynasty in China and Ancient Egypt's Middle Kingdom.
Modern archaeological discoveries demonstrate the existence of complex societies with advanced agricultural and architectural systems, as well as extensive knowledge of ecology, astronomy and mathematics.
The city's strategic location at 600 metres above sea level was designed to emphasize the monumental size of structures and foster trade.
Research suggests that Peñico flourished following the decline of the city of Caral, utilizing established economic dynamics and networks of social interaction.
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