Only the engineers who work on a large software system can meaningfully participate in the design process. That's because you cannot do good software design without an intimate understanding of the concrete details of the system. Generic software design What is generic software design? It's "designing to the problem": the kind of advice you give when you have a reasonable understanding of the domain, but very little knowledge of the existing codebase.
What is software? "Software" is actually quite a broad term, spanning everything from low-level firmware running on devices; operating systems; command-line tools that only developers use; compiled code that runs on its own; interpreted code that needs some other piece of software - or even an entire other application like a web browser! - to run it. Software takes many, many forms, and is created and executed in many different ways for many different purposes.
Technical taste is different from technical skill. You can be technically strong but have bad taste, or technically weak with good taste. Like taste in general, technical taste sometimes runs ahead of your ability: just like you can tell good food from bad without being able to cook, you can know what kind of software you like before you've got the ability to build it. You can develop technical ability by study and repetition, but good taste is developed in a more mysterious way.
The basic assumptions we had about how computers work have flipped. The IT-indoctrinated brain has always tried to attack messy real-world problems by surrounding them in a logical ring-fence. They hold onto this notion that computers are tools in the same way that shovels and drills are tools. They're a means to an end. Shovels are a means for making holes in the ground. Drills are means for making holes in the wall.
At a buffet, instead of getting to choose the dishes you want, you are handed a large tray filled with everything - sushi, pizza, hamburgers, and a weird-looking dessert. If all you wanted was a slice of pizza, you would find the whole platter a tad overwhelming, right?